WENZHANGYIHUO“YITIAO”(ID:yitiaotv)SHOUQUAN
ZHUANZAIQINGLIANXIYUANZUOZHE
75HOUGUJIANZHUZHUANJIA、
GUGONGBOWUYUANYANJIUYUANZHOUQIAN,
SHUOSHIYIBIYEJIUJINLEGONG,
QINSHENCANYULETAIHEDIANDEBAINIANDAXIU,
CONGCIZAIGUGONGYIDAI17NIAN。
SANNIANQIANQI,TAZHESHOUZHUANXIE《TAIHEDIAN》YISHU,
ZHONGYUZAIJINNIANCHUBAN,
YICONGLIDAOWAIJIEGOUZHENGZUOGONGDIAN,
XIANGDAZHONGCHENGXIANZHONGGUOGUJIANZHUDEJINGHUA,
“YIYIDIANZHIWANDIAN”。
WEISHENMEGUGONGLIJING222CIDIZHENHOUJIANRENBUDAO?
WUDINGDEXIAODONGWUDAIBIAOSHENME?
TAIHEDIANZHENGZHONGYANGZANGZHEBAOXIAMA?
YIQIDAOSHIPINHEWENZHANGLIZHAODAANBA。
自述 周乾
撰文 谭伊白 责编 陈子文
2004NIAN,29SUIDEZHOUQIANDINGZHEYIGENMUTOUCHULESHEN。ZHEIGENFUTUOMUDESUNTOUYOUXIEXIACHEN,LIANZHESHANGMIANDEWUDINGYEKAILELIE。ZHEIGENHENKENENGYINGXIANGTAIHEDIANYANNIANYISHOUDEMUTOU,WEIJILETAIHEDIANDEANQUAN。ZHEIHAIBUZHI,TAQIANGPITUOLUO、MUZHUFUXIU、WAPIANCUOWEI,WENTIYIGEJIEYIGE。500DUONIANDEZIJINCHENGYUDAODAMAFANLE......
CISHIZHOUQIANGANGSHUOSHIBIYE,HAIMEIDENGFANYINGGUOLAITAJIUBEIZHAORULEGUGONG,TOURUTAIHEDIANDAXIUDEGONGZUOZHONG。
TAIHEDIANDAXIUXIANCHANG
ZHEISHITAIHEDIANZAI1679NIANZAOYUHUOZAIZHONGJIANHOU,300NIANLAIDESHOUCIDAXIU。ZUOWEIZIJINCHENGJIANZHUQUNDE“MENMIANDANDANG”,TAIHEDIANCONG2006NIAN1YUE5RIQI,BEIGAODA35MIDEBAOHUZHAOTUANTUANBAOWEI,TINGZHIDUIWAIKAIFANG,CONGMEIYOURENJIANGUOTAZHEIFUMOYANG。
ZUOWEISHIJIEXIANCUNZUIDADEMUJIEGOUJIANZHU,TADEBIANXINGDENGWENTIZUIBEIZHONGSHI,JIUZHEIYANG,XUETUMUGONGCHENGCHUSHENDEZHOUQIANBEIPAISHANGLEYONGCHANG。TAWANGZHENEIGENYIDUANXIACHENLE10LIMIDEHENGLIANGMUJIAOJINNAOZHI,WUSHUCIJIANMO、XIUGAIFANGAN,HUALEZHENGZHENGYINIAN,CAIWANMEIDIJIANGTAJIAGU。
YUCITONGSHI,30WANZHANGJINBOCONGNANJINGJINBOCHANGYUNLEGUOLAI,WEIWAIYAN“HUANZHUANG”;70DUOSUIDELAOZHUANJIAYEBEIGUGONGFANPINHUILAI,QINZIZHONGHUACAIHUI;WUDINGGENGHUANBUJIAN、QIANGPIZHONGXINMOHUI......
TAIHEDIANZHONGYUZAILIANGNIANBANHOU“SONGBANG”,TUOXIACENGCENGJIAOSHOUJIA,YIJIUYONGRONGDAQIDIZHULIZAIBEIJINGDEZHONGZHOUXIANSHANG。WEIJIJIEJUE,ERZHOUQIANYEZAIMEILIKAIGUOZIJINCHENG。RUJINTADEBANGONGSHIWEIYUZIJINCHENGXIBEIJIAO,YIGEJIAOCHENGHUANGMIAODEYUANLUOLI,JULITAIHEDIANJINJIN600MI。
ZHOUQIANJIANG17NIANFENGXIANJILEZHEIDONGDAFANGZI,TAAITAIHEDIAN,CONGTABUYANQIFANDIJIANGCAIFANGZHONGZHIDAITAIHEDIANDE“TA”,YIGEGEGAICHENGLE“TA”DEZHIZHEZHONGBIANKEZHIXIAO。
以下是周乾的自述。
中轴线建筑——紫禁城的脊梁
2020NIANSHIZIJINCHENGJIANCHENG600ZHOUNIAN,SHIYIGEJIQINANDEDE、TESHUDENIANFEN。MIANDUIZHEYOUJIDAMEILIDEGUGONGJIANZHUQUN,WOJUEDEYOUZHEIGEZERENRANGDAJIADOULAILEJIETA。
SHUOTAIHEDIAN,JIUBUDEBUXIANTIZHONGZHOUXIANJIANZHU。
ZHONGZHOUXIANJIANZHU,SHIZHIZHENGZHONGYANGNANBEIFANGXIANGDEJIANZHU。GUGONGGUJIANZHUDEZHONGZHOUXIANJIANZHU,WULUNTILIANGSHANG,HAISHIZAIZAOXINGSHANG、GONGNENGSHANG,DOUNENGGOUCHONGFENDITIXIANMINGQINGSHIQI,DIWANGSUODAIBIAODEWANGQUANYUHUANGQUAN。
ZAIGUDAI,GURENRENWEIBEIJIXINGDECHUXIANYOULIYUBIANBIEFANGXIANG,YUSHIBANANBEIFANGXIANGZUOWEIZUIZHONGYAODEFANGWEI
NANCONGWUMEN,BEIDAOSHENWUMEN,ZHONGJIANJINGGUOTAIHEMEN、YOUQIANCHAOSANDADIANZHICHENGDETAIHEDIAN、ZHONGHEDIAN、BAOHEDIAN,ZAIWANGBEI,QIANQINGGONG、JIAOTAIGONG、KUNNINGGONG,JINEITINGHOUSANGONG,RANHOUDAOYUHUAYUAN。
WUMENGUANGCHANG
WUMENSHIZIJINCHENGDENANDAMEN,WOKANWANGSHANGCHUANDEHENDUO,SHUOSHENMETUICHUWUMENZHANSHOU,ZHISHIYUANYUMINJIANXIQU。WUMENQISHISHIMINGQINGDIWANGJUXINGZHONGYAOHUODONGDECHANGSUO,BIRUSHUONONGLIXINNIAN,HUANGDIHUIPAIRENZAIWUMENXUANBUGUONIANLA,HUANGDIDAHUNYEHUIZAIWUMENZUOXUANGAO。
DUOZHONGDUOYANGDEYIZHANGYONGJU
ERQIEWUMENDEGUANGCHANGSHANG,YOUGEZHONGDE“FAJIALUBU”,LEISIYUWOMENJINTIANSUOSHUODEYIZHANG,BIRUSHUOBAOXIANG、LUCHE(LIANGLUNDECHEZI),LAIZHANSHITALIYIDEDIWEI。
TAIHEMENGUANGCHANG
JINRUWUMENHOUJIUSHITAIHEMEN,TAZAIMINGDAI,SHIHUANGDISHANGCHAODEDIFANG。WOMENYOUKENENGZAIDIANSHILIHUIKANDAO,SHUOHUANGDIZAITAIHEDIANSHANGCHAO,QISHIBUSHIDE,HUANGDIZAIMINGCHAOZAITAIHEMENSHANGCHAO,QINGCHAOSHIZAIQIANQINGMENSHANGCHAO。
TASUIRANSHIYIGEMENLANGSHIJIANZHU,DANFEICHANGNENGTIXIANZHONGGUOGUJIANZHUDETEZHENG。CONGMINGDEGUDAIGONGJIANG,WEILEZHANGXIANCHUGONGDIANDEHAOHUAZHUANGGUAN,TONGCHANGLIANGBUZUOFA——DIYI,JIANGTAIHEMENZHULIZAITAIJIZHISHANG,SHIDETABENSHENNENGGOUTINGBA;DIER,BALIANGBIANDEJIANZHUYADI。TONGSHITAIHEMENGUANGCHANGZHONGJIAN,YOUYITIAOYONGHANBAIYUPUCHENGDELU,ZHEIGELUBIQITABUWEIDELUYAOGAO,CHENGWEIYULU,YESHIWEILETUCHUHUANGQUAN。
《GUANGXUDAHUNTU》
CHENGXIANLEHUANGDIDAHUNSHITAIHEDIANDESHENGKUANG
CHUANGUOTAIHEMEN,JIUDAODALEZIJINCHENGZHONGZUIWEIZHONGYAODETAIHEDIAN。TADAIBIAOLEMINGQINGSHIQIGUOJIADEMENMIAN,SHIHUANGDIJUXINGZHONGYAOGUOJIALIYIDECHANGSUO,BIRUSHUOHUANGDIDENGJI、DAHUNHESHENGCHEN。DIANSHISHIHUANGDICHUKAOTI、FABANG,YESHIZAITAIHEDIANJUXINGDE。DAOLEZHEIXIESHIKE,TAIHEDIANGUANGCHANGSHANGQIANJUNWANMA,FEICHANGZHUANGGUAN。
TAIHEDIANYIBEI,XIANSHIZHONGHEDIAN,ZHEISHIHUANGDIJUXINGHUODONGQIANXIUXIDECHANGSUO,YOUBAOHUHUANGDIYINSIDEGONGNENG,SUOYITADEJIANZHUTILIANGBIJIAOXIAO。
ERHOUSHIBAOHEDIAN,TADEGONGNENGBIJIAOFENGFU。BIRUSHUOYANQINGWAIFANDESHIJIE,SHUODEJIANDANDIANJIUSHICHIFAN。YIDUANSHIJIANYEZUOWEIDIWANGDEQINGONGHEPIZHEZIDECHANGSUO。DAOLEQINGDAI,QIANLONGSHIQIQI,TAJIUZHUANMENZUOWEIGUDAIKEJUDIANSHIDECHANGSUO。
QIANCHAOSANDADIAN,TAMENZAILIMIANZAOXINGSHANG,XIANGYIGEGONGXING,SHIYIDAOYOUMEIDEQUXIAN,BIMIANLEZAOXINGDEDAIBAN,ERQIEWUDINGXINGSHIYEBUDANDIAO。
DAOYOUMENXIHUANJIANG,“GUGONGYOUFANGWU9999JIANBAN”,ZHEIGESHUOFAQISHIBUZHUNQUE。
ZAIGUJIANZHULINGYU,SIGENLIZHUWEI CHENGDEKONGJIANCHENGWEIYIJIANFANG。 MINJIANCHUANYANDE9999JIANBAN,SHIYINWEIGURENJUEDE,“JIU”DAIBIAOZUIDUO,ZIJINCHENGZHENGDUIDEZIWEIXINGSHIYUHUANGDADIDEJUSUO,TAYOUYIWANJIAN,ZAIRENJIANDEHUANGDIDEFANGWUSHULIANGZESHAOBANJIAN。
SHIJISHANGYOUSHILIAOJIZAI,ZIJINCHENGCONG1420NIANWANGONGYIHOU,FANGWUYINGGAISHIBAQIANDUOJIAN,ZAIQINGCHAODESHIHOU,JIEJINLIANGWANJIAN,ZHIHOUJINGGUOGONGNENGDEGAIBIAN、XIUSHAN,SHULIANGFASHENGQINGWEIGAIBIAN。LAOYUANZHANGDANJIXIANGXIANSHENGSHANGRENHOU,DAIZHEMISHU,SHUGUOLEMEIYIJIANFANG,2012NIANZHEIGESHUZISHI9371JIAN。
YIZHONGZHOUXIANJIANZHUWEIZHONGXIN,WANGSIZHOUKUOSAN,JIANZHUDETILIANGZHUJIANJIANXIAO、DENGJIJIANGDI,DANTONGYANGJIANZAODEJUYOUZHIHUI。
CHANGYINGE
HUANGDIKANXIDECHANGYINGESHIGUDAIDEGUOJIADAJUYUAN,TAYOUSANCENGXITAI,DANSHIHUANGDIKANXISHIZAICHANGYINGEDUIMIANDEYUESHILOU,YUXITAIHAIYOUYIDINGDEJULI,RUGUOSHENGYINYAOXIANGZHUNQUEDI、QINGXIDICHUANDAOHUANGDIDEERDUOLI,JIUDEKUOYIN。
YUSHIGONGJIANGZAIYICENGXITAIDEDIXIA,QIAOMIAODISHEZHILERUOGANGEJING,YOUDEYOUSHUI,YOUDESHIKONGJING,TAMENJIUXIANGDANGYUKUOYINQI。TONGSHICHANGYINGESHIGEFENGBISHIDEYUANLUO,SHENGYINWANGWAILIUSHIDESHAO。
YUDETANGNEIJING
HUANGDIXIZAOSHIZAIWUYINGDIANXIBIANDEYUDETANG,SHIYIGEALABOFENGGEDEYUSHI。TADEQIANGBIHENHOU,CHURUKOUSHIQUZIXING,RESHUIDECHUANSONGSHICONGXIQIANGWAIDEYIGEJINGQUSHUI,LIYONGGAOCHA,LIUDAOLEYUSHIBEIBIANDEYIGEZAOFANGLIMIAN,CONGZAOFANGLIMIANSHAOSHUI,ZAITONGGUOYIGEKONG,CHUANGUOGUANDAODAODAYUSHI。
太和殿结构之魂
WOZUISHUXIDEHAISHITAIHEDIAN。RENHEYIGERENJINRUTAIHEDIANGUANGCHANGZHIHOU,DOUHUIBEITAGAODADETIXINGSUOZHENSHE。TACHULIZAISANCENGTAIJIZHISHANG,GAO8.13MI,CHENGWEIXUMIZUO。ZHEIZHONGZUOFAZAIWOGUODEGUJIANZHUZHONGJIWEISHAOJIAN,TADEMUDEZHIYOUYIGE——TUCHUHUANGQUAN。
GUGONGDIJIPOUMIAN
600NIANLAI,JINGUANZIJINCHENGJINGLILESHUCIHUOZAI,DAN222CIDIZHENJIHUMEIYOUYINGXIANGTAFENHAO。DIJIJIUSHITAZUIWENGUDEBAOZHANG。YANJIURENYUANCONGZIJINCHENGZHONGXINXIANGXIAYUE5-6MIDEDIFANGWACHUYIZHONGSHAOZHANQIEYOUQIWEIDEWUZHI,PANDINGTASHI“ZHUGUODENUOMIHESHIHUIDEHUNHEWU”。DIJIZHONGDENUOMICHENGFEN,JIUSHITAFANGZHENDEYAODIAN。
PANLONGJINZHUSHANGDEWENSHI
SHANGLETAIJIEZOUJINKAN,YIGENGENCUZHUANGDELIZHUZHICHENGZHETAIHEDIAN。TAIHEDIANZAIMINGCHAOCHUJIANDESHIHOU,TADECAILIAOSHINANMU,ZHEIXIENANMUYUANYUSICHUAN、YUNNAN、GUIZHOUDENGDIDESHENSHANLAOLINZHICHU,QIWEIFENFANG、BUPAZAOXIU、BUPACHONGZI。
GONGJIANGZHAODAOLENANMUHOUHAIBUNENGZOU,DENGDAODIERNIANQIBAYUEFENSHANHONGBAOFADESHIHOU,BANANMUTUIXIASHAN,XIANGBANFAHUIRUJINGHANGDAYUNHE,RANHOUPIAODAOTONGZHOUDECAOYUNMATOU,ZAIYONGLUOCHEYUNDAOZIJINCHENG。SUOYIYOURENRENWEI,ZIJINCHENGSHIPIAOLAIDEGONGCHENG,SHIYOUYIDINGDEDAOLIDE。JISHIYANLUYOUGUANYUANZHISHOU,YEYOUCHAOGUO20%DENANMUDIULE,BUZHIDAOPIAODAONAQULE。
DANSHINANMUYOUYIGEZHIMINGDERUODIAN,SHENGZHANGZHOUQI300NIANYISHANG,DENGDAOTAIHEDIANDIWUCIFUJIANDESHIHOUYIJINGZHAOBUDAODACHICUNDENANMULE。ZHEIJIUWEIJINTIANDETAIHEDIANDEYINGJIANCAILIAOWEISONGMUWEIZHU,MAIXIALEFUBI。
MUCAIBENSHENDESUNMAODAJIEFANGSHI,FEICHANGBIANLI,SHIDEGAIFANGZIFEICHANGXUNSU,ERQIELAOGUKEKAO,JIUSUANTACHANSHENGLEPOHUAI,XIUSHANJIAGUYEHENFANGBIAN。
DOUGONGYESHIZHONGGUOGUJIANZHUYIGEZHONGYAODEGOUZAOTEZHENG,TAIHEDIANDELIUJINDOUGONG,HEQITAGONGDIANDOUBUYIYANG,TAWAIBIANSHIPINGDE,LIMIANWANGSHANGQIAO,JIUXIANGWONAGENCHENGMAIGEDAXIGUA,BAXIAOXIAODECHENGTUOWANGHOUYIFANG,JIUNENGCHENGZHEDAXIGUA,DOUGONGHOUWEIQINGQINGDIDINGZAIYIGEFANGZISHANG,JIUKEYIZHICHENGQIANMIANWUYANDEZHONGLIANG。
MUZHUDIXIAHAIYOUSHITOUJIDI,SHIKUAINEIMEZHONG,JIBUNENGYONGCHEYUN,YEBUNENGJIUDIGUN,YUSHIJIUXUANZAIDONGJIYUNSHU。JINWANGEMINGONG、SHUQIANTOULUOZI,YANLUMEIGEYILIDIWAYIGEJING,QUSHUIJIECHENGBING,JIAOZAILUSHANG,ZHUAIZHEHANCHUANZAIBINGSHANGHUAXINGDAOZIJINCHENGGONGDI。
太和殿细节之美
WANGSHANGKAN,TAIHEDIANWUDINGYOUYOUMEIDEQUXIAN,CHULESHENMEIJIAZHI,TAHAIFEICHANGJUYOUKEXUEXING。
SHANGMIANDOU,XIAMIANHUAN,XIAYUDESHIHOUYULUOZAIWUDINGSHANG,KEYIXUNSUWANGXIAZOU,DAOLEXIAMIAN,XUNSUWANGQIANZOU、WANGYUANZOU,BURANZEHUIFANSHENJIANDAOWAXIAMIANDEMUZHUHEMENCHUANG。
WUDINGDEWEIDUANYOUYOUMEIDEQIQIAO,YUYI“TIANRENHEYI”,YINWEIGURENRENWEIYUZHOUSHIYANG,DADIWEIYIN,WEILECHONGFENBIAODAYUTIANXIANGJIEJIN,JIUBAWUYANZUODEQIAOQILAI。
ZIJINCHENGGUJIANZHUDEBUTONGWUDINGLEIXING
GUDAIDEGONGJIANGKEYIDIBAZHENGJIJIAZHANG,ZHEIYANGDEHUA,TALIANGBIANJIUZIRANERRANDIBIANDOULE,JIUGENRENYIYANG,XIONGFUYITING,TADEJIANZHUDEQIZHIJIUCHULAILE。
WUYANSHANGYOU10GEXIAOSHOU,XIAOSHOUSHULIANGYUEDUO,JIANZHUDEDENGJIYUEGAO。
GUGONGGUJIANZHUDEWUDINGXIAOSHOU,YIBANDOUSHIDANSHU,1GE、3GE、5GE、7GE、9GE。DANSHITAIHEDIAN,YOU10GEXIAOSHOU。ZUIHOUYIGE“XINGSHEN”SHIQINGKANGXISANSHISINIAN(1695),TAIHEDIANZAIZUIHOUYICIFUJIANJIASHANGQUDE,TASHILEIZHENZIDEXINGXIANG,YUYIXIWANGBUZAIZAOSHOULEIPI。
CHANGYOURENWEN,TAIHEDIANJIUJINGYONGDINGZILEMA?QISHITAIHEDIANWUDINGSHANGDEXIAOSHOU,ZUICHUDEGONGNENGJIUSHIWEILEBAOHUDINGZI。
WUDINGZHENGJIDEZHENGZHONGYANGHAIYOUYIGEANKOU。ZIJINCHENGLIMIANRENHEYIGEGUJIANZHUKUAIYAOWANGONGDESHIHOU,DOUHUIZAIZHENGZHONGYANGFANGYIGEHEZI,CHENGWEIBAOXIA。HEZILIMIANHUIFANGRUOGANGEWUJIAN,CHENGWEIZHENWU。
ZHENWUDENEIRONGHENFENGFU,BIRUSHUOYOU5ZHONGJINSHU、5ZHONGBAOSHI、5ZHONGSICHOU、5ZHONGDAOGUDENGDENG,FANSHIGUDAIGONGJIANGRENWEINENGGOUMANZUXIAOZAIQUXIE、YINGXIANGNAFUGONGNENGDEDONGXIDOUWANGLIMIANFANG,ERQIEFANGDEGUOCHENG,SHIYOUWEIHUNDENANGONGRENJINXINGDE。
BUTONGTUANDE“TOUFENG”
QIANGTIDEXIJIEYEHENFENGFU。
KANTAIHEDIANDECEMIANHEBEIMIAN,HUIFAXIANXIABIAN、SHANGMIANDOUYOUYIGELOUKONGDEZHUANDIAO,ZHEISHIGUDAIDEGONGJIANGFAMINGDEKONGQIXUNHUANQI,JIAO“TOUFENG”。SHIWAIDEKONGQI,KEYICONGXIAMIANLIURU,SHUNZHEQIANGTIYUMUZHUDEXIANGJIAOWEIZHI,CONGSHANGMIANPAICHU,SHIDEMUZHUSHIZHONGBAOCHIGANZAO,FANGLEIFANGHUO。
CONGJIANCHUANGWANGLIKAN,TAIHEDIANDEDIMIAN,SHUBAINIANYIRANGUANGLIANGRUXIN。
ZHEIDUYIWUERDEJINZHUANDIMIANBINGBUSHIJINZIZUODE,ZHUANMENZHIDAISUZHOULUMUYUYAOCUNSHAOCHUDEZHUAN,QIAOZHIQINGCUI,DUANZHIWUKONG,ERQIESHAOZAOJIQIKEKE。TAGUANGHUADAOKEYIZHIJIEZUOYANTAI。DANGCHUZUOZHEIZHONGZHUANYAOZAIMEIYOUYANGGUANGDEFANGJIANNEIYINGANYINIANDAOYINIANBAN,ZAIJINYAOSHAOZHI,LIJING39DAOGONGXU,CHENGGONGLVJIDI。
SHINEIZUIZHONGYANG,SHIGUGONGZUIJIANGJIU、ZUIJINGMEIDEBAOZUO,YEJIUSHIWOMENSHUODELONGYI,JIAOZUOXIUJINQIYUNLONGWENBAOZUO。TAQISHISHIMINGDAIDEYIWU,QINGCHAOHUANGDIRUZHUZIJINCHENGHOU,YOUJIXUYANYONGLELIANGBAILIUSHIDUONIAN。DANSHI1915NIAN,YUANSHIKAICUANQUAN,YINWEITUITAIDUAN,TAJIUCHEQULELONGYI,FANGLEYIZHANGYIBEIGAO、ZUOMIANAIDEXISHIDAYI。1959 NIAN,YUANLAIDEBAOZUOCAIBEIZHONGXINFANGHUITAIHEDIANLI。
ZAIYICIZOUYUANKANTAIHEDIAN,KEYIXINSHANGTAQIANGLIEDE“ZHONGGUOPEISE”,ERZHEIYANGDEDAPEIYESHIFUHERENTIGANZHIDE。HONGSE、HUANGSEWEINUANSEDIAO,RELIE、BENFANG,PUBIANYONGZAILEJIANZHUMINGXIANDEWEIZHI,BIRUHUANGSEDEWUDING、HONGSEDEZHUZI、CHUANGHU,LAITIXIANZIJINCHENGDEXIONGWEIHEZHUANGGUAN。
TIANHUA
DOUGONG
ERQINGSEHELVSESHUYULENGSEDIAO,JIUBEIYONGZAILEDOUGONG,TIXIANGUJIANZHUDEYINROUZHIMEI,ZAIYINYINGZHONGXIANDEKONGQIGANQIANG,QINGYINGYOUYAOYUAN,SHIDEHOUZHONGDEWUDINGJIRENQINGSONGDEGANJUE,ZENGQIANGLEFANGZIDEGAODUGAN。
©️Katrina
对太和殿的误解
DOUSHUOGUGONGJIANZHUSHEHUA,QISHICONGYINGJIANDAOXIUSHAN,TADOUSHIGAODUZHONGSHIHUANBAOHEXUNHUANLIYONGDE。BIRUTAIHEDIANDEQIANGTI,HOU1.4MI,DANSHITAZHIYOUWAIPIHELIPISHIYONGZHENGZHUANQIQIDE,ZHONGJIANQUANBUDOUSHISHIGONGDEFEIZHUAN、FEISHITOU。YINWEIQIANGTIBUXUYAOSHOULI,ZHIYAOBAOZHENGHOUDU,BAOWENGEREJIKE,FEILIAOJIUDOUYONGSHANGQULE。FUJIANDESHIHOU,YEBAZHIQIANSHAOZHIDEZHUANDOUYONGSHANGLE,SIHAOMEIYOULANGFEI。
LINGWAICENGJINGYOURENYEWENGUOWO,GUGONGDEYOUSHICAIHUAYOUMEIYOUWURAN?DANGRANMEIYOU,YINWEIYONGDESHIZHUANHUI、ZHUXUE、MA,DOUSHIWOMENCHANGJIANDEBIANYICAILIAO,MEIYOURENHEDEHUAXUEWUZHI。
WOHENXINGYUN,SHUOSHIBIYEHOUJIECHUDEDIYIJIANSHIQINGJIUSHITAIHEDIANDAXIU。HENDUOYOUKELAIGUGONGCANGUAN,KANDAOTAIHEDIANJUEDETAIXINLE,TAMENRENWEIBUNENGZHEIYANG,BUFUHEXINZHONGSUOQIDAIDE,GUJIANZHUBIXUSHICANGSANGDE、DIAOBIDE。
WOXIWANGDAJIANENGGAIBIANDUIGUJIANZHUBAOHUDELINIAN。WOMENDEXIUSHANHEBAOHU,BUGUANGSHIJINTIAN,LICHAOLIDAIDOUZAIFASHENG,ERWOMENXIUSHANDESHITADEBAOHUCENG,FANGZHILIMIANJINGSHOUFENGCHUI、RISHAI、YULIN、CHONGYAO。GENRENYIYANG,WOMENJITAHUANLEJIANYIFU,DANSHIZHEIGERENBA,TAHAISHIWANHAODE。
ZIJINCHENGJIANCHENGZHIJINYIYOU600NIAN,ZHONGGUOLISHIHUOHUIHUANGHUOSHIYIDESHIKE,TAIHEDIANDOUSHIZHONGSHOUHUYIPANG。JINGUANWUSHIRENFEI,TAIHEDIANYIJIUYILI。TABUJINJIJIANZHUJINGHUAYUYISHEN,GENGDAIBIAOLEZHONGGUORENDEJING、QI、SHEN,ZUOHAOTAIHEDIANDEKEXUEBAOHU,HONGYANGTASUODAIBIAODEZHONGHUAZUIYOUXIUDECHUANTONGJIANZHUWENHUA,ZHEISHIYIFENZEREN,WOHUIYIZHIZUOXIAQU。
除了太和殿,这些中国古建筑同样了不起:
SHANGXIAHUADONGCHAKANGENGDUO
MEITIANYITIAOYUANCHUANGDUANSHIPIN,MEITIANJIANGSHUYIGEDONGRENDEGUSHI,MEITIANJINGXUANRENJIANMEIWU,MEITIANLAIHEWOYIQIGUOMEIHAODESHENGHUO。YITIAO(ID:yitiantv)
XIANGGUAN:
那些消失不见的老北京服务行当儿老北京的服务行当儿有很多, 剃头、绱鞋、修理雨伞、磨刀、锔碗、箍漏锅、焊洋铁壶、修理竹门帘等。在过去,这些手艺人大多走街串巷,胡同里的叫卖声连同“响器”发出的各种声响不绝于耳。不过,随着时间的推移,过去司空见惯的老行当儿,如今只能在记忆和文字里找寻。作为一位地道的“老北京”,孟繁强年复一年地写下自己的记忆,讲述着他经历的岁月和变革。本期的京华物语,就来看看他笔下老北京的服务行当儿是什么样的。以下内容选自《老北京故人旧事》,较原文有删节,已获得出版社授权刊发。《老北京故人旧事》,孟繁强著,清华大学出版社2014年12月版。原文作者丨..
梦里的时间和现实中的一样快吗?大多数人都经历过这样的窘境:当闹钟响起的时候,立刻按下暂停开关,缩回温暖的被窝里继续打盹,当我们再次醒来的时候,往往发现时间已经流逝,甚至因此错过了早上去公司的班车,或是朋友间难得的聚会。唉,为什么时间从不歇歇脚,与我们一起打会盹呢?当我们悔恨交加的同时,也会回想刚刚睡着时做的梦。梦里的情景千奇百怪,有些与生活相关,有些是超现实,还有些纯属噩梦。有一个问题一直在那里,却很少被人提起:梦里的时间和现实中的一样快吗?01现实五分钟,梦境一小时梦境中的时间,远比现实时间流逝得更慢。这是我在思考这个问题时的第一感觉。很多时候午后小憩半..
"我快没时间了!""我没空!":我们的时间是如何加速的?通过查看钟表、日历或手机,我们知道了某一时刻的“时间”,并把它与事件、人物和地点建立联系。这是人类自近代以来完成的统一时间、统一叙事。差别只在于时区不同,“当地时间”亦有所不同。古往今来,从神秘学说、哲学到现代物理学,每一种知识体系都先后在争夺解释时间。在今天尤其被普遍信任的是现代物理学的理解。它几乎打碎了关于时间的一切坚固的观点。时间的流逝并非“人人平等”、并非只有一个方向,更不存在唯一一个时间,而当刻度无限细化,时间中的“现在”甚至完全不存在。时间的统一是现代理性化的产物。这一过程不只是被现代物理学解构,更重要的是,它始..